The equation for polar moment of inertia is essentially the same as that of planar moment of inertia, but the distance used is distance to an axis parallel to the area’s cross-section. Second moment of area can be either planar or polar. Polar moment of inertia describes an object’s resistance to torque, or torsion, and is used only for cylindrical objects. Planar moment of inertia is expressed as length to the fourth power (ft 4, m 4). If it’s unclear which type of moment is specified, just look at the units of the term. Terminology varies, and sometimes overlaps, for planar moment and mass moment of inertia. Planar moment of inertia (also referred to as second moment of area, or area moment of inertia) defines how an area’s points are distributed with regard to a reference axis (typically the central axis) and, therefore, its resistance to bending. But it’s critical to know which type of inertia-planar moment of inertia or mass moment of inertia-is given and how it affects the performance of the system. Moment of inertia is an important parameter when sizing and selecting a linear system.
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